Graphene
Graphene is a two-dimensional material composed of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice and being promisingly explored for the development of biosensors. Its unique properties, including high surface area, electrical conductivity and biocompatibility, make it an ideal candidate for use in biosensors.
One of the main advantages of using graphene in biosensors is its sensitivity to changes in the local environment. When biological molecules bind to the surface of a graphene-based sensor, they induce changes in the electrical properties of the material, which can be measured to detect the presence of the analyte. In POCT, graphene-based biosensors can be used to detect a variety of biological analytes, including proteins, DNA and cells. For example, a graphene-based biosensor could be used to detect the presence of a specific protein in a patient's blood sample, which could be indicative of a specific disease or condition.
Graphene-based biosensors have several advantages over traditional diagnostic methods, including the ability to detect analytes with high sensitivity and specificity, low cost, and the ability to provide real-time results. Furthermore, the small size and portability of graphene-based biosensors make them ideal for use in POCT. Overall, the use of graphene in biosensors has the potential to revolutionize POCT, enabling faster and more accurate diagnosis and treatment of a variety of diseases and conditions.